Readings
Taste discrimination
Arrow, Kenneth. 1974. The Theory of Discrimination
in 0. Ashenfelter and A. Rees, eds., Dis- crimination in Labor Markets Princeton University
Press.
Becker, Gary S., The Economics
of Discrimination, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971).
Employer
Black, Sandra E. and Elizabeth Brainerd.
2004. “Importing Equality? Thje Impact of Globalization on Gender Discrimination.”
Industrial & Labor Relations Review: 57 (July): 540-559.
Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan,
“Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment
on Labor Market Discrimination,” American Economic Review, Sept
2004, 94:991- 1013
Employee
Levitt, Steven D. 2004. “Testing Theories
of Discrimination: Evidence from Weakest Link.” The Journal of Law
and Economics, 47 (October): 431-452.
Customer
Nardinelli, Clark and Curtis Simon.
1990. “Customer Racial Discrimination
in the Market for Memorabilia: The Case of Baseball.” The Quarterly Journal
of Economics 105 (August):575-595.
Holzer, Harry and Keith R. Ihlanfeldt.
1998. “Customer Discrimination
and Employment Outcomes for Minority Workers.” The Quarterly Journal
of Economics 113 (August):835-867.
Borjas, George J. and Stephen G. Bronars.
1989. “Consumer Discrimination and Self-Employment.” Journal of Political
Economy 97 (June): 581-605.
Yinger, John. 2000. “Evidence on Discrimination in
Consumer Markets.” The Journal of Economic Perspectives 12 (Spring):
23-40.
Statistical discrimination
E. S. Phelps, “The Statistical Theory of
Racism and Sexism,” American Economic Review, 1972, 62:659-661
Aigner and Cain, “Statistics Theories of Discrimination
in Labor Markets,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 1977,
30:175-187
Pinkston, Joshua C. 2006. “A Test of Screening
Discrimination with Employer Learning.” Industrial and Labor Relations
Review 59(January): 267-284.
Ladd, Helen F. 1998. “Evidence on Discrimination in
Mortgage Lending.” The Journal of Economic Perspectives 12 (Spring):
41-62.
Internal labor markets
Stoll, Michael A., Steven Raphael, and Harry J.
Holzer. 2004. “Black Job Applicants and the Hiring Officer’s Race. Industrial
and Labor Relations Review 57 (January): 267-287.
Pekkarinen, Tuomas and Juhana
Vartiainen. 2006. “Gender Differences in Promotion on a Job Ladder: Evidence
from Finnish Metalworkers. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 59(January):
285-301.
Arthur, Michelle M. and Alison Cook. 2004.
“Taking Stock of Work-Family Initiatives: How Announcements of ‘Family-Friendly’
Human Resource Decisions Affect Shareholder Value.” Industrial & Labor
Relations Review: 57 (July): 599-613.
Preston, Chapters 2, 5,
8
III. Empirical Evidence
a. Differences in Occupations,
Education and Earnings
BFW Chapter 5, 8
Goldin Chapter 3
Claudia Goldin, Lawrence Katz, and Ilyana Kuziemko,
“Homecoming of American
Women”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2006,
20:133-156.
Collins, Susan M. 2000. “Minority Groups
in the Economics Profession.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14(Winter):133-148.
b. The Human Capital Model
BFW Chapter 6
Preston, Chapter 7
c. Earnings Functions and
Measuring Discrimination
BFW Chapter 6
Goldin Chapter 4
IV. Cases Evidence on discrimination
a. Women
Blau, Francine D. and Lawrence M. Kahn. 2000. “Gender Differences
in Pay.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14 (Fall): 75-99.
Blau,
Francine D. and Lawrence M. Kahn. 2006. “The U.S. Gender Pay Gap in the
1990s: Slowing Convergence. ” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 60(October):
45-66.
b. Blacks
Couch,
K and MC Daly. 2002. “Black-White Wage Inequality in the 1990s: a Decade
of Progress.” Economic Inquiry 40 (January):31-41
Heckman,
James J., Thomas M. Lyons, and Petra E Todd. 2000. “Understanding Black-White
Wage Differentials, 1960-1990.” American Economic Review 90 (May):
344-349.
Donohue, John J. and James Heckman. 1991. “Continuous
Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic
Status of Blacks.” Journal of Economic Literature 29 (December):
1603-1643
d. Hispanics
Fry, Richard and B. Lindsay Lowell. 2006. “The Wage
Structure of Latino-Origin Groups across Generations.” Industrial
Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 45(April):147-168
Mora, Marie M. and Alberto Davilla. 2006. “A
Note on the Changes in the Relative Wages of LEP Hispanic Men between
1980 and 2000” .” Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and
Society 45(April):169-172.
e. Homosexuality
Antecol, Heather, Anneke Jong
and Michael Steinberger. 2008. The Sexual Orientation Wage Gap: The Role
Of Occupational Sorting and Human Capital.” Industrial and Labor Relations
Review 61(July):518-543.
Black,
Dan A., Hoda R, Makar, Seth G. Sanders, and Lowell J. Taylor. 2003. "The
Earnings Effects of Sexual Orientation." Industrial & Labor
Relations Review: 56 (April):449-469.
f. Premarket Differences
Willingness to compete
Niederle,
Muriel and Lise Vesterlund. 2007 “Do Women Shy Away from Competition?
Do Men Compete Too Much?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 122 (August):
1067-1102.
Price, Joseph. 2008. “Gender Differences in the
Response to Competition.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 61(April):
320-333.
Personality
Mueller, Gerrit and Erik Plug. 2006. “Estimating
the Effect of Personality on Male and Female Earnings.” Industrial
and Labor Relations Review 60(October): 3-22.
Height
Persico,
Nicola, Andrew Postlewaite and Dan Silverman. 2004. "The Effect
of Adolescent Experience on Labor Market Outcomes: The Case of Height" Journal
of Political Economy. 112 (October): 1019-1053.
g. Looks
Daniel
Hamermesh and Jeff Biddle, “Beauty and the Labor Market,” American
Economic Review, Dec. 1994, 84:1174-1194
h. Audit Studies Debate
Darity,
William A. Darity Jr. and Patrick L. Mason. 1998. “Evidence on Discrimination
in Employment: Codes of Color, Codes of Gender.” The Journal of Economic
Perspectives 12 (Spring): 63-90.
James J. Heckman. 1998. “ Detecting Discrimination.” The
Journal of Economic Perspectives 12 (Spring): 101-116.
V. Government Antidiscrimination
Policy: Aims and Impacts
BFW Chapter 7: pp. 234-255
Antecol,
Heather, and Deborah Cobb-Clark. 2004. “The Changing Nature of Employment-Related
Sexual Harassment: Evidence from the U.S. Federal Government, 1978-1994.” Industrial and
Labor Relations Review 57(April): 443-461.
Collins, William J. 2003. “The Labor
Market Impact of State-Level Anti-Discrimination Laws, 1940-1960.” Industrial
and Labor Relations Review 56(January): 244-272.
Neumark,
David and Wendy A. Stock. 2006. “The Labor Market Effects of Sex and
Race Discrimination Laws.” Economic Inquiry 44(July):385-419
Goldin, Chapter 6
Lang, Chapters 11,12
VI.
Marriage and Family Formation
BFW
Chapters 3, 9
Dora Costa, “Power Couples: Changes in the Locational
Choice of the College Educated, 1940-1990”, Quarterly Journal of Economics,
2000, 115:1287-1315
Goldin Chapter 6
Lang Chapter 6
VII.
Female Labor Supply at Home and Abroad
BFW
Chapters 2, 4, 11
ES
Chapter 7
Cowan,
Ruth Schwartz. 1976. “The "Industrial
Revolution" in the Home: Household Technology and Social Change
in the 20th Century.” Technology and Culture 17 (January): 1-23.
Costa, Dora L. 2000. “From Mill Town to Board
Room: The Rise of Women's Paid Labor.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14
(Fall): 101-122.
Goldin Chapters 2, 5
Martha
Bailey, “More Power to the Pill: The Impact of Contraceptive Freedom
on Women’s Life Cycle Labor Supply,” Quarterly Journal of Economics,
Feb. 2006, 121:289-320
Mark
Aguiar and Erik Hurst, “Measuring Trends in Leisure: The Allocation of
Time over Five Decades,” Quarterly Journal of Economic, Aug 2007,
122:969-1006
Anderson, Deborah J., Melissa Binder and Kate
Krause. 2003. “The Motherhood Wage Penalty Revisited: Experience, Heterogeneity,
Work Effort, and Work Schedule Flexibility.” Industrial and Labor
Relations Review 56(January): 273-294.
Folbre, Nancy and Julie A. Nelson . 2000.
“For Love or Money -- Or Both?” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14
(Fall): 123-140.
Preston, Chapter 7
Mammen, Kristin and Christina Paxson. 2000.
“Women's Work and Economic Development.”Journal of Economic Perspectives 14
(Fall): 141-164.
Labor Supply Data
ES: Chpts.
6, 7.
Bureau
of Labor Statistics. “Variations in Time Use at Stages of the Life Cycle.” Monthly
Labor Review 128 (September 2005): 38-45.
Frazis,
Harley and Jay Stewart "What can time-use data tell us about hours
of work?" Monthly Labor Review 128 (September 2005): 3-9.
Cromartie,
Stella “Labor force status of families: a visual essay” Monthly Labor
Review 130 (July-August, 2007): 35-41.
Cohany,
Sharon and Emy Sok, “Trends in labor force participation of mothers with
children and infants” Monthly Labor Review 130 (February 2007):9-16